Apparatus for making ingot-molds.



C. G. ROBINSON. APPARATUS FOR MAKING Imm Moms.

l APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I3. 1912. 1 7 1 9 1 ,471 Patented July 18, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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APPARATUS FOR MAKING INGOT MOLDS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13, |912.

Patented July 18, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 ingot-mold cast in such a mold has its in,

I ITE STATES PATENT ormoni.

CHARLES G. ROBINSON, OE PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIeNoR To HARRY E.

lSHELDON, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING INGOTTMOLDS.

Applicaton'led September 13, 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. ROBIN- SON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful .Improvements in Apparatus next to the poured metal in the mold be-` comes fused and more or less incorporated with the mold Walls, because the molten meta-l, which has a higher melting point than the molding-sand, has practically no body, except the molding-sand, to which it can impart its heat. The result is that the terior surface more or less uneven by reason o'f the sand incorporated therewith. Ob-V viously, ingots cast in such a mold would be very diflicult, if not impossible, to extract.

It is one of the objects of my invention to provide for such a rapid reduction of heat from the poured metal while in the` mold that no fusing of the molding-sand and its incorporation with the cooling metal can take place, thereby leaving'the interior of the ingot-mold smooth.

Another object of my invention is to eliminate the necessity of using heads or feeders to make the mold solid.

A still further object is to produce ingotmolds free from surface defects, thereby in- I creasing the quality of the ingots and the products made therefrom.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a central vertical section of a molding apparatus embodying one vmold also in vertical section, constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, a plan of the bottom plate; Fig. 3, a vertical sec- Y tion of a second form of my invention with the bottom plate omitted; Fig. 4, aseotional view of Fig. 3 taken at right angles thereto; Fig. 5, an elevation of a fragment of a mold showing another form of my invention; Fig. 6, a section of Fig. 5 on the `Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 18, 1916.

Serial No. 720,175.

line VI-VI; Fig. 7, a modification of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8, a section of Fig. 1 on the line VIII-VIII, the bottom plate being omitted.

Referring first to Figs. l and-2, l repres ents the wall of my improved vertical mold for casting ingot-molds. This wall is preferablypcomposed of steel and has its lower end resting on the metal, preferably steel, bottom'plate 2. 3 is a sandcore located within the wall l so as to leave between itself and the said wall, a molding space for the ingot-mold,

the metal in said space being marked 4. The

bottom plate 2 has preferably locations A, B, C, D, for four molds, ninety degrees apart in the circumference of a circle, from whose center the four runners 5, 6, 7, 8 ex- 'tend to the said mold locations, 4but a larger or smaller number of positions couldbe used without departing from the vbroader principles of my invention. The lower end of the core 3 extends down into a preferably downwardly converging depression 9. This lower extension of the sand core in drying adheres closely to the plate 2 and prevents the molten metal 4 from flowing between the plate and the core. Preferably, the bot-V tom plate has at each molding position a removable plate or section 10 in which the depression 9 is made, so that cores of various sizes may be used by simply selecting a plate or section 10 vhaving therein the depression 9 of the desired size, without requiring a different bottom plate 2. By using the plates or sections 10 ingot-molds of different sizes may be cast either successively or simultaneously on a single bottom plate. 11 represent staples cast in the upper end of the ingot-mold, these staples forming means by which the ingot-mold may be engaged by ingot stripping apparatus of well known construction. It being sup-` posed that four molds are at the four locavzw spo

rapidly absorbs and conveys away a large portion of the heat of the molten metal 4. The reduction of the temperature of the molten metal below the fusing point of the molding sand in the core is so rapid that no fusing of the sand and the incorporation of the same with the inner wall of the resultant ingot-mold can take place. In case the wall 1 were sand, the molten metal would have practically no body, except mo-lding sand, to which it can impart its heat. 'Ihe fusing point of the sand being lower than that of the metal, the sand would become more or less fused and incorporated with the walls of the ingot-mold, making the interior wall of the ingot-mold more or less uneven and, therefore, unsuitable for an ingot-mold. By my invention, the heat is conducted so rapidly away by the metal mold-wall 1 that the sand is not subjected to a fusing heat sufficiently long to fuse it.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4, parts which are similar in structure or function to parts on Figs. 1 and 2 have the same reference numerals with literal exponents added. The steel mold-wall 1a has at opposite sides of its upper end a pair of hollow projections 12 opening into the mold space. The hollow or cavity 13 in each projection 12 has its lower portion occupied by molding sand 14 having therein a hollow 15. A passage 16 leads through each projection 12 into that part of the cavity occupied by the sand 14. The upper part of the cavity 13 in each projection 12 forms a molding space for the stripper lugs or ears 17 the upper end of the sand 14 being molded to conform to the bottom of the lugs 17. When the metal is poured into the mold (Fig. 3) it forms the stripper lugs 17 integrally with the sides of the ingot-mold 4a. The resultant ingot-mold contraetsin length causing the lugs to travel downwardly. In order to prevent the breaking of the lugs 17, I insert a rod or other tool into the openings 16 and break up the sand 14 and cause its collapse .into the hollows 15, thereby permitting the lugs 17 to follow the wall 4a in its downward contracting movement. I do not limit myself to hollows in the sand 14 nor to the breaking up of the sand, but the collapsing of the sand into cavities therein prevents injurious strains on the lugs while thermoldl is cooling even in cases where the lugs might not have been broken off.

In Figs. 5 and 6, I show the mold wall 1b provided with a slot which contains during the casting operation the removable steel section 18 resting on a layer of molding sand 19 at the bottom of the slot. The section 18' forms across the slot a continuation of the wall 1b and contains the projection 12fJL having therein the molding space 20 for one of the-stripper lugs. After the metal is poured into Ythe mold the sand 19 is broken up and more or less of it removed so that the section 18 (there being one section at each side of the mold) may move down in the slot as the ingot-mold cools.

In Fig. 7, I omit the sand 19 and substitute therefor the tapered steel plug as shown at'21. When the metal of the ingotmold contracts, the section 21 can be pulled out of the wall 1c to prevent injury to the lug during the cooling.

On Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown the wall 1a provided beneath one of the projections 12 with the projection 22 having therein the cavity 23 containing the molding sand 24 in which the staple 25 is located, the ends of the staple-extending into the molding space for the wall of the ingot-mold 4a so as to be permanently retained therein after the ingot-mold hascooled. The sandlies beneath the staple so thatithe staple can move down during the contraction of the mold, the hole 26 being provided in the projection 22 for the insertion of a tool, if necessary, to break up the sand and allow the staple to move down with less resistance from the e@ sand. The lower position of the staple 25 in the ingot-mold necessitates less downward movement thereof than required for the lugs 17, and might not, therefore, make it advisable to have a hollow like the hollows 15 95 shown beneath the lugs 17. rIhe thickness of the wall 1, 1a, or 1b will be such as to conduct the heat away from the ingot-mold steel at a rate to prevent theV fusing of the core material with the ingot-mold steel. rIhis thickness will vary according to the thickness of the. poured steel, its temperature and other conditions.

While I have obtained good results by casting a single ingot-mold at one casting operation, I have obtained better results by casting simultaneously a plurality of ingotmolds. I have found that ingot molds of a superior quality are obtained when four are cast at a time.

I claim- 1. In a mold for casting steel ingot-molds, a core, a mold wall surrounding the core and inclosing a mold space for the ingot-mold between the core and mold wall, means for pouring the molten steel upwardly in the mold space, the mold wall being constructed to convey the heat away from the metal poured in the mold space so rapidly as to reduce the temperature of the poured metal i530 below the fusing point of the core before the latter becomes fused with the poured metal.

2. In a mold for casting steel ingot-molds, a sand core, and a steel mold wall surrounding the core and inclosing a mold space for the ingot-mold between the core and the mold-wall, the thickness of the wall being such as to reduce the temperature of the poured metal below the fusing point of the sand before the latter becomes fused With sand before the latter becomes fused With 10 the poured metal. the poured metal.

3. In a mold for casting steel ingot-molds, Signed at Pittsburgh7 Pa., this 11th day a hollow sand core, a. mold Wall surrounding of September, A. D. 1912.

the core and inclosing a. mold space for the ingoia-mold between the core and mold Wall, CHARLES G ROBINSON the mold Wall being so thick as to reduce the Witnesses: temperature of the poured metal in Contact ALICE E. DUFF, With the core below the fusing point of the F. N. BARBER.

Copies of this patentmay be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

